Psychological quotes

ἀγχοῦ Κυκλώπων ἀνδρῶν ὑπερηνορεόντων,
οἵ σφεας σινέσκοντο

(Hom. Od.6.5-6)

("near the Cyclops, overbearing men who continually plundered them ")

ἀγχοῦ: "near" + GEN

Κυκλώπων: "the Cyclops", GEN pl.

ἀνδρῶν: "men", GEN pl.

ὑπερηνορεόντων: "overbearing", adj GEN pl., from ὑπερηνορέων -οντος

οἵ: "who", pronoun masc NOM pl, from ὅς, ἥ, ὅ

σφεας: "them", pronoun masc/fem ACC pl, from σφεῖς

σινέσκοντο: "plundered (continually)", verb 3rd pl imperf ind mid-pass [epic] iterative unaugmented, from σίνομαι. The imperfect in Greek was often used to indicate a continuous or repeated action.

κρείσσων γὰρ βασιλεὺς ὅτε χώσεται ἀνδρὶ χέρηϊ:
εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον γε καὶ αὐτῆμαρ καταπέψῃ,
ἀλλά τε καὶ μετόπισθεν ἔχει κότον, ὄφρα τελέσσῃ,
ἐν στήθεσσιν ἑοῖσι:

(Hom. Il.1.80-83)

("For mightier is a king, when he is angry at a lesser man.
Even if he swallows down his wrath for that day,
yet afterwards he keeps holding a grudge in his heart,
untill he has satisfied it.")

κρείσσων γὰρ βασιλεὺς: "For mightier (is) a king", nominal sentence, without a verb. Nominative case. κρείσσων : comparative adj, sg masc nom attic epic.

ὅτε: "when"

χώσεται: "he is angry", verb 3rd sg aor subj mid epic short_subj, from χώομαι ("to be or get angry, wroth, indignant") + DAT of person being angry at.

ἀνδρὶ χέρηϊ: "at a lesser man", DAT sg masc , from ἀνήρ (man) and χερείων ("meaner, inferior", in rank, worth or wealth)

γάρ: "for, in fact ".

εἴ περ (or εἴπερ): "even if "; "if really, if indeed".

τε, . . τε . .: It may simply join clauses, "both . . and . . ".

χόλον: "bile, gall", generally metaph. "bitter anger, wrath", ACC sg masc, from χόλος

αὐτῆμαρ: = αὐθημερόν, "on the self-same day", adv indeclform.

καταπέψῃ: "to digest (down), keep from rising", verb 3rd sg aor subj act, from καταπέσσω (κατά, "down", + πέσσω, "to digest").

ἀλλά: "yet, otherwise, but" (to oppose whole sentences), conjunct., properly neut. pl. of ἄλλος (with changed accent).

μετόπισθεν: (of time) "afterwards". Adv nu_movable indeclform (μετόπισθε).

ἔχει: "he holds", verb 3rd sg pres ind act, from ἔχω.

κότον: "a grudge, rancour, wrath", ACC sg masc, from κότος.

ὄφρα: "until" (final and temporal Conj. in ionic and doric Poets).

τελέσσῃ: "he has satisfied it", , verb 3rd sg aor subj act, from τελέω "to complete, fulfil, accomplish".

ἐν στήθεσσιν ἑοῖσι: "in his chest", DAT pl neut epic.